Marketing plan Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Marketing plan - Coursework Example The service-profit chain is a concept introduced in the Harvard Business Review in 1994. A book describing the concept was published in 1997. According to the description, in the book, the service-profit chain serves to demonstrate the existing relationship between service excellence and a company’s financial growth and performance. According to this concept, profitability and revenue growth come because of customer loyalty. Without customer satisfaction, loyalty does not result. Therefore, organizations strive to ensure that their services exhibit a high-perceived value to the customer in a bid to increase customer satisfaction. It is impossible to achieve high levels of customer satisfaction if the employees do not exhibit high levels of commitment and outstanding competencies (Yee et al., 2009). Therefore, organizations seek to hire individuals with remarkable competencies and empower them through training programs in order to increase their productivity. Empowered employee s are more likely to serve customers in an exemplary manner. The Starbucks Company has relied on the service-profit chain in order to register the evident financial performance. The company invests in human resource development through training programs that empower employee to deliver high-quality customer service. Over the years, the company has applied service innovation in order to ensure that employees serve as a valuable link between the organization and the customers. The company regards employees as partners, a factor that triggers employee satisfaction. The satisfied employees have worked for Starbucks for a long time registering high levels of productivity. Since employees are in a position to deliver service value to customers, the company prides itself with high levels of customer satisfaction (Gold, 2010). Due to the high levels of satisfaction that customers

Presidential Transition and Policy Priorities on Civil Rights Essay - 1

Presidential Transition and Policy Priorities on Civil Rights - Essay Example These among other concerns are what makes the upcoming days doubtful and very uncertain. I think that acknowledging and taking into account the reality of any situation is the focal point of any circumstance that arises. Being honest with oneself and the public at large makes it easier for everybody to see what exactly is going on and how it is presently affecting the lives of one and all. Others may think that accepting a weakness or flaw is limiting the ability of an individual to think of an appropriate action. What others may not realize is that it is actually the starting point of trying to solve a problem. Because once a dilemma is openly admitted, it is easier to focus on forming plans on how to reduce the damage and eventually eradicate it when short term and long term solutions are made and implemented. not just happen in one day, it is expected that its resolution will also have to come in gradual phases. Hence an abrupt improvement is not likely to happen at once, and the worst could still turn up around the corner. In line with the economic upheaval, the State of the Union also mentioned the need to empower the American people as to how they would use their money to offset the crisis at hand. This does not necessarily mean handing over money to the people per se but showing them that public money is being put to good use and the government is not squandering it to serve its own purpose. However unlikely, this could be one of the answers on how to stabilize the weakening economy, because everybody will have to learn to spend wisely and frugally. It also goes to show that the people are really the heart of the nation for they have a say on how things should be managed in order to keep their heads above water. Having an economic and financial crisis on hand does not mean total devastation of the economy because there is always a chance to turn things around for

Comparison Of Rdbms Oodbms And Ordbms Information Technology Essay

Comparison Of Rdbms Oodbms And Ordbms Information Technology Essay The presentation of the similarities and differences between relational modeling of data and the object oriented modeling of data is of great importance both for data base designers and for users. By being well acquainted with the relational model and by noting the similarities and differences between the two approaches to data modeling, designers will be able to turn into account and to make use of the already acquired experience as an important basis for understanding and learning the methodology of designing object oriented databases. At the time if designers know the similarities and differences between these two approaches they have the possibility to convert a relational model into an object oriented model and inversely Informatica Economica Journal. 01/01/2007; http://c.researchgate.net/images/symbols/icon_thumb_up_grey.png?e59f9 I like this! http://c.researchgate.net/images/symbols/icon_thumb_up.png?e59f9 You like this publication http://www.researchgate.net/publication/26589213_Comparison_of_RDBMS_OODBMS_and_ORDBMS /**************************** What is the difference between odbms rdbms and ordbms? In: Database Programming, JAVA Programming [Edit categories] Data Warehousing Software Industry leading data warehousing Gather maintain consistent data www.sas.com/uk Ads by Google http://en.site1.answers.com/templates/icons/rc_gray1.gif?v=68832http://en.site1.answers.com/templates/icons/rc_gray1b.gif?v=68832 [Improve] http://en.site1.answers.com/templates/icons/abar_a.gif?v=68832 Answer The differences between the three approaches Table 1: A Comparison of Database Management Systems Criteria RDBMS ODBMS ORDBMS Defining standard SQL2 ODMG-2.0 SQL3 (in process) Support for object-oriented features Does not support; It is difficult to map program object to the database Supports extensively Limited support; mostly to new data types Usage Easy to use OK for programmers; some SQL access for end users Easy to use except for some extensions Support for complex relationships Does not support abstract datatypes Supports a wide variety of datatypes and data with complex inter-relationships Supports Abstract datatypes and complex relationships Performance Very good performance Relatively less performance Expected to perform very well Product maturity Relatively old and so very mature This concept is few years old and so relatively mature Still in development stage so immature. The use of SQL Extensive supports SQL OQL is similar to SQL, but with additional features like Complex objects and object-oriented features. SQL3 is being developed with OO features incorporated in it Advantages Its dependence on SQL, relatively simple query optimization hence good performance It can handle all types of complex applications, reusability of code, less coding Ability to query complex applications and ability to handle large and complex applications Disadvantages Inability to handle complex applications Low performance due to complex query optimization, inability to support large-scale systems Low performance in web applications Support from vendors It is considered to be highly successful so the market size is very large but many vendors are moving towards ORDBMS Presently lacking vendor support due to vast size of RDBMS market All major RDBMS vendors are after this so has very good future http://wiki.answers.com/Q/What_is_the_difference_between_odbms_rdbms_and_ordbms /********************************** OODBMS (Object Oriented Database Management System) Basics http://a323.yahoofs.com/coreid/4ae33e2bid18zul6sp1/zfIn.0szaa93rhgGjKCz5w/103/tn32.jpg?ciAQ2PNBJuqYP1Eh user by Bridewin, on Sun Nov 1, 2009 7:22am PST 2 Comments Post a Comment Read More from This Author  » Report Abuse http://a323.yahoofs.com/phugc/CrYlacFZl0FQ/photos/3e34afb6e0dfef3b7ff88aa6f8a2a63f/ori_667cb5ad1ce04b.jpg?ug_____DU3GDkZ3x OODBMS System An object database (also object-oriented database) is a database model in which information is represented in the form of objects as used in object-oriented programming. Object databases are a niche field within the broader DBMS market dominated by relational database management systems (RDBMS). Object databases have been considered since the early 1980s and 1990s but they have made little impact on mainstream commercial data processing, though there is some usage in specialized areas. When database capabilities are combined with object-oriented (OO) programming language capabilities, the result is an object database management system (ODBMS). Todays trend in programming languages is to utilize objects, thereby making OODBMS ideal for OO programmers because they can develop the product, store them as objects, and can replicate or modify existing objects to make new objects within the OODBMS. Information today includes not only data but video, audio, graphs, and photos which are considered complex data types. Relational DBMS arent natively capable of supporting these complex data types. By being integrated with the programming language, the programmer can maintain consistency within one environment because both the OODBMS and the programming language will use the same model of representation. Relational DBMS projects using complex data types would have to be divided into two separate tasks: the database model and the application. As the usage of web-based technology increases with the implementation of Intranets and extranets, companies have a vested interest in OODBMS to display their complex data. Using a DBMS that has been specifically designed to store data as objects gives an advantage to those companies that are geared towards multimedia presentation or organizations that utilize computer-aided design (CAD). Some object-oriented databases are designed to work well with object-oriented programming languages such as Python, Perl, Java, C#, Visual Basic .NET, C++, Objective-C and Smalltalk; others have their own programming languages. ODBMSs use exactly the same model as object-oriented programming languages. Advantages: The main benefit of creating a database with objects as data is speed. OODBMS are faster than relational DBMS because data isnt stored in relational rows and columns but as objects. Objects have a many to many relationship and are accessed by the use of pointers. Pointers are linked to objects to establish relationships. Another benefit of OODBMS is that it can be programmed with small procedural differences without affecting the entire system. This is most helpful for those organizations that have data relationships that arent entirely clear or need to change these relations to satisfy the new business requirements. This ability to change relationships leads to another benefit which is that relational DBMS cant handle complex data models while OODBMS can. Disadvantages: Slower and more difficult to formulate than relational. Lack of interoperability with a great number of tools/features that are taken for granted in the SQL world, including but not limited to industry standard connectivity, reporting tools, OLAP tools, and backup and recovery standards. Lack a formal mathematical foundation, unlike the relational model, and this in turn leads to weaknesses in their query support. Applications: Object databases based on persistent programming acquired a niche in application areas such as engineering and spatial databases, telecommunications, and scientific areas such as high energy physics and molecular biology. They have made little impact on mainstream commercial data processing, though there is some usage in specialized areas of financial services.[6][7] It is also worth noting that object databases held the record for the Worlds largest database (being the first to hold over 1000 terabytes at Stanford Linear Accelerator Center)[8] and the highest ingest rate ever recorded for a commercial database at over one Terabyte per hour. Another group of object databases focuses on embedded use in devices, packaged software, and real-time systems. http://shine.yahoo.com/channel/none/oodbms-object-oriented-database-management-system-basics-533483/ /************************************** Observations from a Tech Architect: Enterprise Implementation Issues Solutions by Craig Borysowich  (Chief Technology Tactician) Enterprise Technology Architect Craig Borysowich shares the challenges and achievements of enterprise solution design and more Enterprise Technology Architect Craig Borysowich shares the challenges and achievements of enterprise solution design and implementation. ..less Blog Main  /   Archive  /   Invite Peers   RSSRSS for Posts  /   RSS for Comments Previous Entry / Next Entry Some Pros Cons of Relational Databases Craig Borysowich  (Chief Technology Tactician)  posted  5/1/2008 | Comments  (0) http://images.ittoolbox.com/vt/icons/thumbsup.pngLike (0) Please Sign In or Register to like this blog. Working Share Share The relational model for databases provides the basic DBMS characteristics. In addition, an RDBMS also conforms to Codds model. Relational Database Characteristics Dr. Codd established 12 rules to which a DBMS must conform to be considered relational. DBMSs vary in the way in which they comply with these rules, however, commercial relational databases generally conform to these rules. Strengths of RDBMS Flexible and well-established. Sound theoretical foundation and use over many years has resulted in stable, standardized products available. Standard data access language through SQL. Costs and risks associated with large development efforts and with large databases are well understood. The fundamental structure, i.e., a table, is easily understood and the design and normalization process is well defined. Weaknesses of RDBMS Performance problems associated with re-assembling simple data structures into their more complicated real-world representations. Lack of support for complex base types, e.g., drawings. SQL is limited when accessing complex data. Knowledge of the database structure is required to create ad hoc queries. Locking mechanisms defined by RDBMSs do not allow design transactions to be supported, e.g., the check in and check out type of feature that would allow an engineer to modify a drawing over the course of several working days. http://it.toolbox.com/blogs/enterprise-solutions/some-pros-cons-of-relational-databases-24144 /******************************* The Advantages of a Relational Database Management System ds_0ecbc811-e864-4fed-a7c6-5a46ff28cd3fContributor By Deborah Lee Soltesz, eHow Contributing Writer Article Rating: (0 Ratings)   Email   Facebook   Twitter   StumbleUpon Add to Favorites   Print   Share I want to do this! Whats This? RDBMSs provide user access control and data integrity features. data security image by dinostock from Fotolia.com   RDBMSs provide user access control and data integrity features. A Relational Database Management System (RDBMS) is a software system that provides access to a relational database. The software system is a collection of software applications that can be used to create, maintain, manage and use the database. A relational database is a database structured on the relational model. Data are stored and presented in a tabular format, organized in rows and columns with one record per row. Data Structure The table format is simple and easy for database users to understand and use. RDBMSs provide data access using a natural structure and organization of the data. Database queries can search any column for matching entries. Multi-User Access RDBMSs allow multiple database users to access a database simultaneously. Built-in locking and transactions management functionality allow users to access data as it is being changed, prevents collisions between two users updating the data, and keeps users from accessing partially updated records. Privileges Authorization and privilege control features in an RDBMS allow the database administrator to restrict access to authorized users, and grant privileges to individual users based on the types of database tasks they need to perform. Authorization can be defined based on the remote client IP address in combination with user authorization, restricting access to specific external computer systems. Network Access RDBMSs provide access to the database through a server daemon, a specialized software program that listens for requests on a network, and allows database clients to connect to and use the database. Users do not need to be able to log in to the physical computer system to use the database, providing convenience for the users and a layer of security for the database. Network access allows developers to build desktop tools and Web applications to interact with databases. Speed The relational database model is not the fastest data structure. RDBMS advantages, such as simplicity, make the slower speed a fair trade-off. Optimizations built into an RDBMS, and the design of the databases, enhance performance, allowing RDBMSs to perform more than fast enough for most applications and data sets. Improvements in technology, increasing processor speeds and decreasing memory and storage costs allow systems administrators to build incredibly fast systems that can overcome any database performance shortcomings. Maintenance RDBMSs feature maintenance utilities that provide database administrators with tools to easily maintain, test, repair and back up the databases housed in the system. Many of the functions can be automated using built-in automation in the RDBMS, or automation tools available on the operating system. Language RDBMSs support a generic language called Structured Query Language (SQL). The SQL syntax is simple, and the language uses standard English language keywords and phrasing, making it fairly intuitive and easy to learn. Many RDBMSs add non-SQL, database-specific keywords, functions and features to the SQL language.

The Fool And Cordelia: Opposing Influences On King Lear :: essays research papers

Although the Fool and Cordelia are similarly candid towards their King, they never interact in Shakespeare’s King Lear, because the Fool is a chaotic influence while Cordelia is a stabilizing force. While the Fool and Cordelia both act in the Lear’s best interest, it is not always evident to Lear. The Fool’s actions often anger the King, and lead to an increase in his madness. On the other hand, Cordelia’s actions more often soothe Lear, and coax him back into sanity. Another commonality between the Fool and Cordelia is their honesty. Both the Fool and Cordelia are frank with Lear, though he may not always appreciate that they do so for his own good.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In Shakespeare’s King Lear, the Fool is a source of chaos and disruption in King Lear’s tumultuous life. The Fool causes the King distress by insulting him, making light of his problems, and telling him the truth. On the road to Regan’s, the Fool says â€Å"If thou wert my Fool, nuncle, I’d have thee / beaten for being old before thy time.† (1.5.40-41). He denies the king the respect due to him as an aged King, causing the King to wonder at his worthiness. The fool also makes light of Lear’s qualms making snide remarks in response to Lear’s ruminations. When Lear asks Edgar cryptically, â€Å"wouldst thou give ‘em all?† the Fool responds, â€Å"Nay, he reserved a blanket, else we had been all shamed† (3.4.69-72). The Fool’s snide remarks do little to maintain Lear’s fragile control of his faculties. However, the Fool speaks to the king candidly, a rare occasion in Lear’s life . Even Kent acknowledges the truth of the Fool’s statements, saying, â€Å"This is not altogether fool, my lord† (1.4.155).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  While the Fool disrupts Lear’s mental state, Cordelia steadies him with compassion, understanding, and truth. When Cordelia has rescued the King, she says that â€Å"Mine enemy’s dog, / though he had bit me, should have stood that night / Against my fire† (4.7.42-44). Cordelia is amazed at her sisters’ treatment of Lear because she cannot comprehend the actions of such uncaring people. Cordelia’s considerate nature soothes the King’s overwrought mind. Because the King seems rash and even irrational at times, those who understand him are few. His youngest daughter knows what Lear goes through with her sisters, and wishes that she could â€Å"Repair those violent harms that my two sisters / Have in thy reverence made.

Dingo Digestion Comparison Essay

The Koala is the only mammal, other than the Greater Glider and Ringtail Possum, which can survive on a diet of eucalyptus leaves. Gum leaves contain only about 50% water, very little nitrogen, large amounts of fibre and potentially toxic oils. Koalas are found to have molars premolars to physically break down the food. Plants contain cellulose, which can only be broken down to release cell contents after much crushing and grinding. Koalas use microorganisms that live symbolically in their digestive system to help them. The breakdown of cellulose occurs during a fermentation process in a specialised part in the digestive tract. These structures are found in either the fore-gut or the hind-gut of different parts of the digestive system. Cow A cow’s diet is grass which is a quiet inactive process. The main nutrient in plant material is the complex carbohydrate cellulose, which must be broken down into smaller molecules before it can be absorbed. They have bottom incisors, top and bottom molars for chewing and grinding. A cow has a stomach with 4 chambers in due to cows requiring a complex digestive system. A cow digestive system must rely on the activity of microorganisms do this. These microorganisms are found in specialised fermentation chambers in the gut. The process is slow and efficient. Cellulose is difficult to digest making it difficult for the animal to access nutrients inside the cell. Dingoes A dingo’s diet is very different to a cow and koalas diet. Dingoes are predators to rabbits, kangaroo’s and rats. A dingo is a carnivore therefore it only eats meat. A dingo’s digestive system is short and not as complex as an herbivores due to the fact that if they don’t have to digest cellulose or consume large quantities of food because meat has more energy than plants. Conclusion In conclusion a koala and cows digestive system is much more complex and long rather than a meat eater; dingo’s digestive systems are fast and not at all complex.

Current Trends in Business Communication

Technology advancements over the recent years have made communication possible in different ways. Communication in the business world today can range anywhere from e-mails, personal digital assistants, text messaging, instant messaging, and through the use of web-cams, just to name a few. These different communication tools allow employees to communicate both internally and externally in a timely and more efficient manner. The current trends in communication within the healthcare industry make it easier for health care professionals to perform their daily tasks, and provide patients with more quality care. The Role of Business Communication in My Workplace Communication is extremely important in my line of work as a nurse. Without good effective communication skills between the various healthcare professionals involved in a patients care and between the healthcare professionals and the patient, the quality of care would or could be grossly impacted. As a nurse, communication takes place in many different forms, whether it is through notes, e-mail, phone, Internet, software used by the facility, or face-to-face communication. Typical internal day-to-day communication activities in my job include checking my work list on the software application that the healthcare facilities use to communicate between the chains of healthcare facilities within the region. The work list may have orders from the doctor to perform certain tasks such as phoning in a prescription to the pharmacy or updating a medication list for a patient. Another type of internal communication that takes place in my day-to-day activities besides oral communication, software communication, and phone communication, is written communication through the use of text messaging. There are times when the doctor will be out of the office and unable to talk directly to a patient or myself and will instead send text messages to my cell phone. Text messaging is not necessarily a daily occurrence but is used regularly. External day-to-day communication that my job requires me to use may include verbal or oral communication with patients either by the use of phone or face-to-face. It is also common to send written material with the patients or to the patients at their home address. Communication with pharmaceutical representatives via e-mail is also common. There may be questions about medications for example, which are not emergent and completely acceptable to send via e-mail to the representative. Text messaging is not an acceptable means of external communication and is never used. The use of the Internet and software has a huge impact on my ability to perform daily activities in a timely manner. Without the ease of communicating electronically simple activities could take could take much more time to complete. Current software has made it easy to re-order prescriptions for patients by just looking up a patient and renewing past prescriptions and sending them to the specific pharmacy that they use. This makes it not only easier for the doctor and the nurse but also for the pharmacist. Also there are times when it is necessary to get ahold of the doctor who could be in a meeting through the use of text messages. This allows important questions to be answered right away instead waiting until the meeting is over. Trends within the Healthcare Industry. Technology has had a big impact in the healthcare industry. My workplace will be going paperless in September of this year. Doctors are preparing for this by making sure that all patient information listed in patient charts such as medication lists and diagnoses’ are put into the system. All internal communication between different facilities will be done through the use of software or by phone. No patient results will be sent through fax or through mail. According to LexisNexis, â€Å"Obama sees the investment in electronic records as a way to improve quality and lower costs. Different Message Types Resulting From Current Trends According to Articlesbase (n. d. ), â€Å"The different message types that result from these current trends are either personal or impersonal. † The different message types resulting from these current communication trends are in the form of e-mails, text messaging, various software, Internet communicatio n, face-to-face video conferencing, instant messaging, and social networking sites such as Twitter or Facebook. Conclusion The current trends in business communication have been greatly influenced by the advancements in technology. The Internet, cell phones, MP3 players, personal digital assistants, social networking sites, and video conferencing among others, has allowed business communication to take place in many forms and from all over the world with ease. These current trends have made it easier for healthcare professionals to communicate more efficiently internally and externally and allow day-to-day activities to get accomplished more quickly than in the past. References: Articlesbase.  (n.d.).  Business Communication: Business Trends and Message Types.  Retrieved from http://www.articlesbase.com/networking-articles/business-communication-business- -trends-and-message-types-4133734.html ASQ.  (n.d.).  Going Paperless Pays Off for Healthcare Industry .  Retrieved from http://asq.org/qualitynews/qnt/execute/displaySetup?newsID=5661